This is of course v1, not v9...

On Wed, Sep 02, 2026 at 11:47:02AM +0100, Vincent Donnefort wrote:

This series is a follow-up to the discussion that has started here [1]. While standalone, it also provides primitives reusable for the VPR DMA heap.

When memory is lent to the Secure world via FF-A, CPU speculative accesses from NS to the lent pages can still occur as long as it retains a cacheable mapping to it.

Ideally, lent memory would be "no-map" but that would mean giving up MiBs of useful memory, so let's try to do better with the help of a CMA pool.

On arm64, modifying the direct map at runtime is generally restricted because the linear map defaults to block mapping and splitting blocks at runtime may trigger fatal page fault, unless the CPU implements BBML3 or the entire direct map was mapped at page granularity from boot. Forcing last-level mappings system-wide incurs a severe penalty we want to avoid. Instead, this series introduces targeted last-level mappings for designated memory regions, along with the "arm,ffa-lend-pool" CMA driver to manage unmapping and remapping on lend/reclaim transitions:

1. memblock & OF reserved memory ("ll-map"):

   • Introduce MEMBLOCK_LLMAP and the DT "ll-map" property for reserved-memory nodes to force last-level (PTE) mappings only for a specific region.

2. set_memory infrastructure:

   • Introduce can_set_direct_map_range() to check if a specific address range is mapped with last-level entries and can be modified safely.
   • Introduce __set_direct_map_*() variants that bypass redundant checks when the caller has already validated the range.

3. "arm,ffa-lend-pool" driver

   • Introduce the "arm,ffa-lend-pool" CMA reserved-memory driver, which unmaps pages prior to lending (ffa_prepare_lend()) and restores them when reclaimed (ffa_lend_reclaimed()).

4. Optee support

   • Hook OP-TEE dynamic protected memory pools to "arm,ffa-lend-pool" for both SMC (via DT memory-region phandle) and FF-A (via ffa_lend_pool_attach()) transports.

Testing:

Tested with QEMU v8 using OP-TEE OS (built with CFG_CORE_DYN_PROTMEM=y) under both SMC and FF-A transports [2]

static void dump_direct_map(const char *label) { printf("\n=== %s ===\n", label); fflush(stdout); system("sed -n '/Linear Mapping start/,/Linear Mapping end/p' /sys/kernel/debug/kernel_page_tables"); fflush(stdout); }

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int heap_fd; int dmabuf_fd; struct dma_heap_allocation_data data = { 0 }; size_t size = 1024 * 1024; /* 1MB */

if (argc > 1) size = strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 0);

dump_direct_map("BEFORE ALLOCATION");

heap_fd = open("/dev/dma_heap/protected,secure-video", O_RDWR); if (heap_fd < 0) { perror("open /dev/dma_heap/protected,secure-video"); return 1; }

printf("\nOpened /dev/dma_heap/protected,secure-video\n"); printf("Allocating %zu bytes of protected memory via DMA heap...\n", size);

data.len = size; data.fd_flags = O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC; if (ioctl(heap_fd, DMA_HEAP_IOCTL_ALLOC, &data) < 0) { perror("ioctl DMA_HEAP_IOCTL_ALLOC"); close(heap_fd); return 1; }

dmabuf_fd = data.fd; printf("Successfully allocated %zu bytes! dmabuf_fd = %d\n", size, dmabuf_fd);

dump_direct_map("DURING LEND (EXPECT HOLE IN DIRECT MAP)");

printf("\nReleasing dmabuf_fd...\n"); close(dmabuf_fd); close(heap_fd);

dump_direct_map("AFTER RECLAIM (RESTORED DIRECT MAP)");

return 0; }

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260807-tegra-vpr-v4-7-5510d16af89e@nvidia.com/ [2] https://optee.readthedocs.io/en/latest/building/gits/build.html#qemu-v8

Vincent Donnefort (10): memblock: Introduce MEMBLOCK_LLMAP of: reserved_mem: Introduce "ll-map" property set_memory.h: Introduce can_set_direct_map_range() set_memory.h: Introduce __set_direct_map*() arm64: can_set_direct_map() if BBML3 arm64: Implement can_set_direct_map_range() arm64: Implement __set_direct_map*() arm64: Add support for MEMBLOCK_LLMAP firmware: arm_ffa: Introduce ffa-lend-pool optee: Add support for arm,ffa-lend-pool

arch/arm64/include/asm/set_memory.h | 7 + arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c | 23 ++- arch/arm64/mm/pageattr.c | 67 +++++++- drivers/firmware/arm_ffa/Kconfig | 5 + drivers/firmware/arm_ffa/Makefile | 1 + drivers/firmware/arm_ffa/lend_pool.c | 223 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ drivers/of/of_reserved_mem.c | 104 ++++++++++--- drivers/tee/optee/ffa_abi.c | 13 +- drivers/tee/optee/protmem.c | 8 - drivers/tee/optee/smc_abi.c | 17 +- drivers/tee/tee_shm.c | 11 +- include/linux/arm_ffa.h | 21 +++ include/linux/memblock.h | 9 ++ include/linux/set_memory.h | 39 +++++ mm/memblock.c | 50 ++++++ 15 files changed, 545 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-) create mode 100644 drivers/firmware/arm_ffa/lend_pool.c

base-commit: cee9395acd8043be0644b25c34bfa86623f2b935

2.55.0.970.g62bdec98f9-goog